The Third George

The King's affliction

Life changed abruptly at Windsor. It was April when Mrs. Delany became ill. She was eighty- eight years old and the outcome could not be unexpected.

Her death threw the King into a mood of melancholy which was not improved by the news that the Prince of Wales was heavily in debt and that he was losing thousands of pounds at the gaming tables; there was a great deal of talk about his marriage to Maria Fitzherbert and Fox had denied in the House of Commons that the marriage had taken place.

Another factor which disturbed him was that, some time befor,e when he was at St. James's, a woman had stepped out of the crowd and tried to stab him. She was proved to be a certain Margaret Nicholson who was mad; but George could not forget the incident; and soon after the death of Mrs. Delany he began to suffer from bilious attacks and the rash, which he had had once before on his chest, broke out again.

Charlotte noticed that his speech was becoming more and more rapid and was punctuated more liberally with ehs and whats, and now he did not wait for the answers. He was taking the most violent exercise, and when the Queen timidly suggested that perhaps he was driving himself too hard he cried out in some excitement: "Can't get fat. Abhor obesity. It's a family characteristic. It has to be avoided. Can't avoid it by overeating and taking no exercise, eh ?”

In June, Sir George Baker, his physician, suggested the King go for a month to Cheltenham.

"Your Majesty could take the waters which would be beneficial to your state. And another point, if you were absent from London, long audiences and other tedious ceremonies could be avoided.”

The King was loath to go. A sense of duty kept him in London until July and then as it was clear that his health was not improving he agreed to go to Cheltenham if the Queen and the Princesses went with him.

He stayed for a month and then, when it became clear that neither the waters nor the rest from state duties was improving his health, he decided to return. He shook his head sadly and said: "I have, all at once, become an old man.”

He felt a little better to be back at Kew. He was always happier there than anywhere else. He liked to walk in the gardens and look at the children's house and call in on them and play a few games with his darling Amelia.

In spite of his ill-health he insisted on taking exercise and his servants were greatly shocked when one day out walking he was caught in a heavy shower of rain and did not return immediately but went on walking. When he came back and took off his boots, the water poured out of them.

"Fresh air! Rain! Never hurt anyone, eh?" was his comment.

A few days later he was caught in the wet again and as he was due to go to St. James's to attend a levee he did not bother to change his boots and stockings. When he came back to Kew it was obvious that he had caught a chill. The Queen scolded him and told him she would herself prepare a cordial and when he had drunk it he should retire to bed immediately.

He wanted no cordial, he replied. He didn't believe in cordials. Vegetables, fruit, cold water. They were the best healers. He ate a pear and drank a glass of cold water. It was one o'clock in the morning when he was seized with cramp in the stomach. So agonizing was the pain that he awakened the Queen.

She was terrified, for she thought he was dying, and leaping out of bed ran into the corridor in her night shift to the acute embarrassment of the pages. But they immediately realized the urgency and, as the doctors were not at Kew, they called in a nearby apothecary. The King was having a fit, said the apothecary; and tried to administer a cordial.

The King had regained a little of his senses and refused the cordial, but the Queen begged the apothecary to administer it in some way in spite of the King's protests, and with the help of the pages the liquid was forced down George's throat.

In a short time the fit subsided and he lay quietly in his bed. There was no doubt now that the King was seriously ill and the malady had taken an alarming turn, for the King talked incessantly and at great speed, and at times it was not very clear what he meant; his mind seemed to dart from one subject to another and before saying what he wished to about one he would be on to the next.

A few days after the fit in the night, he went to church with the Queen and the Princesses and while the sermon was being delivered he suddenly rose in his seat and started to embrace the Queen and the Princesses.

"You know what it is to be nervous," he cried.

The Queen was terrified; in fact she was growing more and more alarmed every day. She did her best to calm him.

"Please, George we are in church ... church, do you understand?”

The helpless manner in which he looked about him made her want to weep; but he allowed her to take his hand and force him back into his seat. Thank God, she thought, that the wall of the pew was high enough to prevent their being seen by the rest of the congregation. They went quietly back to the Palace and she persuaded him to rest in his room. This could not go on. The doctors must decide what ailed the King, but deep in the Queen's heart was a fear which had been with her ever since his derangement all those years ago.

"He recovered from that," she told herself. "He will recover from this.”

A few days later the King went to a concert and when he returned he grasped the Queen's arm and said to her, "The music seemed to affect my head. I could scarcely hear it.”

"It is because you are not well. When you are well you will enjoy music as much as you ever did.”

He looked at her in a wild, almost unrecognizing manner.

"Shall I, Charlotte?" he said. "Shall I?”

"But of course. The doctors are going to cure you.”

"Of what?" he whispered.

She did not answer; she could not look at him; but he gripped her arm fiercely and cried: "Tell me of what, Charlotte. Tell me of what?”

She looked up at him bravely. "Of your illness," she answered.

Then he released her and turning his head away burst into tears. "I wish to God I may die," he said, 'for I am going mad.”

What can I do? Charlotte asked herself. How could she keep this distressing illness from becoming public knowledge? She thought of the Prince of Wales who for so long had despised his father. What would he be feeling now? He had disappointed them; the charming child of the nursery had become the gay young man about town.

He was all that his parents were not; he was becoming known as the First Gentleman of Europe; and although she knew he was so wild and perhaps wicked she could not help loving him and ...

yes, admiring him. What would he do now?

The King came bursting into her apartments. All his movements were violent and he seemed in a desperate hurry.

"Ah, Charlotte ... here we are! Fresh air, Charlotte. It's good for you. Must have it, eh? What? Are you ready? Come on ... a five-mile walk. Good for you. Mustn't get fat. Too much fat in the family, eh? What?”

She remonstrated with him. Was he not taking too much exercise? Did the doctors not say he should go more slowly? What about a drive? That would be better. They could go farther afield.

He did not seem to be listening, but when she led him to the carriage he got in without a word.

She sat down beside him and let him talk of the beauties of the countryside. And how he talked.

He talked of farms, of button-making, of Mrs. Delany's paper mosaics, pleasant subjects like the Princess Amelia and unpleasant ones like the Prince of Wales.

Suddenly the King shouted to the driver to stop. The carriage came to rest by an oak tree. The King alighted, bowed to the oak, approached it with great dignity and shook one of the lower branches. For some seconds he stood there talking as though to the tree; and watching, being aware of the driver and the footman looking on, Charlotte felt a great fear and depression sweep over her.

After a while the King bowed, shook the oak branch again and took his seat in the carriage.

"I think," he said, 'that I have put our case clearly to the King of Prussia.”

There were rumours throughout the Court and the City. What is happening to the King? Is it true that his mind is deranged? The Prince of Wales consulted with his friend what this would mean. A Regency? With the Prince in command. And it seemed very desirable to them all.

The Prince of Wales came to Kew to see for himself if the rumours were true. He was astonished at the sight of his father who had changed considerably in the last few months. He had been right when he had said that suddenly he had become an old man.

He received the Prince with dignity and made no reference to their disagreements. The Queen was on the verge of hysteria; she feared the King would become violent. She could not much longer, she knew, keep his state from the attendants; and she lived in terror of what he would do next.

It was inevitable that the Prince of Wales, who had given him so much cause for that anxiety which had without doubt hastened him to his present condition, should bring affairs to a climax.

During dinner the King suddenly began shouting at his son, talking fast and incoherently, but it was obvious that he was abusing him as he rose from his place and went to where his son was sitting. He began to shout at him and the Prince of Wales, rising in his chair, touched his arm gently and said: "Father, I beg of you lower your voice.”

The King was seized with a sudden fury against his son. He took him by the throat and throwing him against the wall appeared to be about to strangle him.

"Who shall dare tell the King of England he shall not speak out, eh? What? Tell me that? Tell me that? Tell me that?”

The footmen rushed forward to rescue the Prince; the Princesses rose to their feet, all colour drained from their faces; the Queen sat clenching and unclenching her hands, her lips tightly pressed together as she forced herself not to scream out that she could endure no more.

Colonel Digby, Charlotte's Chamberlain, bowed to the King who was struggling to free himself from the footmen and suggested that he allow him to conduct him to bed.

"Don't dare touch me, sir," screamed the King. "I will not go. Who are you?”

"I am Colonel Digby, sir," was the calm reply. "Your Majesty has been very good to me often and now I am going to be good to you, for you must come to bed. It is necessary to your life.”

The King was so struck by this speech that he grew silent. Tears filled his eyes as Colonel Digby, taking him by the arm, led him away. The Prince of Wales was almost fainting and his eldest sisters hurried to bathe his forehead with Hungary water.

The Queen said to two of her women: "Pray conduct me to my apartments." They obeyed and when she reached them she threw herself on to her bed and gave way to fits of laughter of a wild hysterical kind. Her women were terrified; and she sat up in bed and cried: "What will become of me? What will become of us all?”

Having reached his room the King seemed to grow calmer.

"Where is the Queen, eh?" he kept demanding. "What have you done with the Queen, eh? What?

You are trying to separate me from the Queen.”

"The Queen is indisposed, sir," Colonel Digby told him.

"Indisposed? The Queen ill? Then she will want me with her. I will go to the Queen. Do not stand in my way, sir. The Queen is ill; therefore I must be with her.”

They could not restrain him from visiting the Queen and when she saw him, wild-eyed though quieter than he had been at the dinner table, Charlotte's fears rose. She had seen his attack on the Prince of Wales and she could not be sure what he would do next.

"You are ill," he said, 'ill... ill, ill, ill. Eh? What? You must take care of the Queen." He glared at her women.

"And now we must rest. Both of us. Charlotte, I beg of you do not talk to me so that I may fall asleep quickly. I need sleep. I need sleep. You understand, eh? What? I need sleep.”

He went on talking of his need to sleep and begging the Queen not to talk to him, which she had shown no sign of doing. It was very distressing to all those who watched. One of the women suggested that the Queen and he, should have a separate room for the night so that he could be sure of uninterrupted rest.

"Part from the Queen!" he cried. "I could not be parted from the Queen.”

It was arranged that the Queen should have a room leading from his so that she would not be far from him, and he went on begging the Queen not to talk to him, and he would not let her go to her room. It was past midnight when he left her and the Queen lay staring at the ceiling repeating to herself: "What next? What will become of us now?”

Into the Queen's bedroom walked a solitary figure. In his hand he carried a lighted candle. He parted the bed curtains and Charlotte, who had been lightly dozing for the first time during that terrible night, awoke to look up into the wild eyes of the King. The lighted candle quivered in his hand and she thought he had come to set fire to the bed hangings and kill her.

She started up in bed and he said soothingly: "So you are here, Charlotte. I thought they had tried to separate us.”

"I am here," she told him, 'and shall be with you as long as you need me.”

He began to weep quietly; the tears splashing on to his nightgown.

"Good Charlotte," he said. "Ours was a good marriage. Good Charlotte.”

He would not go; he went on talking without ceasing. Charlotte dared not move for fear his kindly mood turned to one of violence and it was half an hour before his attendants heard him and came to take him back to his bed.

There was a brooding silence throughout the castle. The ladies of the Queen's household lay sleepless in their beds. One fact was clear to them all, and it could no longer be denied: The King was mad.

In her room Fanny Burney could endure the suspense no longer. At six o'clock she rose and, dressing hastily, went out into the draughty corridors. The pages were all sleepless. Everyone was waiting tensely for what was going to happen now. She went back to her room; she was cold, not only because it was always cold in the castle corridors where there was enough wind someone had said to sail a man-o'-war. She had not been there very long when she received a summons from the Queen, and she hastily went to the bedchamber where she found Charlotte sitting up in bed, pale and fearful.

"Ah, Miss Burney," said Charlotte. "How are you today?”

Fanny was so moved that she burst into tears. And to her amazement the Queen did the same. For some minutes they both wept unrestrainedly.

Then the Queen said: "I thank you, Miss Burney. You have made me cry. It is a great relief to me.

All this night long I have wanted to cry and been unable. I feel better now. I think I will get up.”

While the Queen was at her toilet they could hear the King talking incessantly in the next room.

Another fearful day had begun. There was no hope now of hiding the fact that the King was deranged. The whole country was talking of it and what this would mean. There was to be a Regency. The King would be replaced by his son.

Pitt was trying to make the Regency a restricted one; Fox and Sheridan were trying to get full powers for the Prince of Wales; and meanwhile the King's doctors were wrangling together over the treatment he should receive. The King was removed from Windsor to Kew; he was not allowed to shave himself or have a knife at dinner. Once he tried to throw himself out of a window; then he would give himself up to praying and talking of religion. At times his struggling body was forced into a straitjacket. The fashionable Dr. Warren was called in; and it was said that he was a friend of the Prince of Wales and was there to serve his ends. The King disliked him and the Queen feared him. And she feared the King.

The King suddenly began to talk of women and seemed obsessed by them. He who had lived such a determinedly respectable life now seemed to be living an erotic one in his thoughts.

"You are the man who took Sarah Lennox away from me," he cried to a harmless footman. "Yes you were, eh? What?”

The man fled in fear of his life. But the obsession with women marked a new phase. The King was now having periods of lucidity. He knew he had been ill, he knew the nature of his illness; he was sad because of it, but during those periods when he was aware he had suffered derangement, his mind was sane again.

The lucidity would pass. He saw Elizabeth Pembroke and from the mind, over which he had lost control, came the imaginings of years. He believed he had divorced Charlotte; he believed he was married to Elizabeth. He addressed her as Queen Elizabeth and attempted to make love to her. The barriers he himself had set up had crumbled. He was the man he would have been had he not suppressed that man. He thought of women ... women ... women.

Then came the clarity; but Elizabeth was still there. He was married to Charlotte, of course plain, unexciting Charlotte who had nevertheless borne him fifteen children. And he wanted Elizabeth.

He caught Elizabeth in a corridor. She must be his mistress, he told her. She must name anything she wanted and it should be hers. Elizabeth talked to him gently, kindly, trying to turn his mind away from the subject.

The King's health was improving. The lucid periods were more frequent and of longer duration.

The King is going to recover, said his friends. Three doctors had signed a bulletin announcing the entire cessation of His Majesty's illness.

The King was restored. His illness had made him popular once more. The people wanted to show him that they were pleased by his recovery. The city of London was ablaze with lights even as far out as Tooting; and between Greenwich and Kensington the lights blazed forth.

Everyone was singing "God Save the King'; and the ladies who served at White's Club had "God Save the King' worked in gold letters on their caps. There were services at St. Paul's, rejoicing everywhere. The King was to go to Weymouth to recuperate and Weymouth was determined to vie with London in welcoming the King.

The town was lighted from end to end and at every few yards the bands blared forth "God Save the King'. Everyone wanted to tell George how pleased they were that he was well again. All the bathers on the seashore wore "God Save the King' on their caps and when George left his machine to step into the sea a band would strike up the national anthem. It was all very gratifying, said the King's friends.

But the King looked to the future with sad eyes. There were times when his mind would be in a whirl, when he wanted to talk and never stop; there were thoughts of women in his mind ... all the beautiful women he had missed and dreamed of.

He knew that there were occasions when he was wavering between lucidity and insanity, and in his heart he was aware that what had happened before would happen again. It was inevitable. He was trying to hold it off, but he was not strong enough.

And he looked at Charlotte and saw a little old woman, for this had aged her, even as it had him: a dowdy little old woman. Poor Charlotte! He thought. What is she thinking now? He would not ask her. He dared not ask her. The people were singing: Our prayers are heard, and Providence restores A Patriot King to bless Britannia's shores.

The people were easily moved. They loved one day and hated the next. A patriot King who had lost America, who had given them the Prince of Wales, who had been mad for a while ... and would be so again.

Ah! He had said it. It was the thought that stayed with him and which he knew would come true.

He would be known as the King who was mad.

Charlotte was thinking: What will become of us? This is not the end. It is the beginning.

THE END